THINGS THAT BREAK ONE'S FAST (QAZA & KAFFARAH)
Things That Break One's FAST
Things that break one's fast are of two kinds.
Some make only Qaza necessary, whilst others make both Qaza and Kaffaarah
compulsory.
- QAZA:
To keep one fast in place of the one that breaks, or is broken
intentionally.
- KAFFARAH:
To keep one fast after another for sixty days continuously.
However, if a person is unable to keep these 60 Rozas, for some
valid reason, e.g. continuous sickness, then one has the option of
choosing from one of the following four:
1. Feed sixty poor people to their fill for two meals, or
2. Feed one poor person two meals a day, for sixty days; or
3. Give 60 poor persons 3 1/2 lbs (approx. 1.6kg) of wheat or its
value in cash or food grains; or
4. Give to one poor person not less than 3 1/2 lbs. of wheat, rice
or food grains, etc. to its value of cash for sixty
days.
Things That Break One's Fast But
Make Only Qaza Wajib:
- Anything put by force into the mouth
of fasting person.
- Water goes down the throat whilst
gargling, conscious of one's fasting.
- To Vomit mouthful intentionally or
to return vomit down the throat.
- Swallowing intentionally a pebble,
piece of paper or any item that is not used as food or medicine.
- Swallowing something edible, equal
to or bigger than a grain of gram which was stuck between the teeth.
However if it is first taken out of the mouth and swallowed it will
break the fast whether it is smaller or bigger than that size of a
gram.
- Putting oil into the ear.
- Inhaling snuff into the nostrils.
- Swallowing the blood from the gums
if the color of the blood is more that the fast is broken, to eat
and drink again.
- To eat and drink forgetting that one
is fasting and thereafter thinking that the fast is broken, to eat
and drink again.
- To eat and drink after Subha Sadiq
or to break the fast before sunset due to a cloudy sky or a faulty
watch, etc., and then realizing one's fault.
N.B: Any fast other than a Ramadan one,
whether broken intentionally or with a good and valid reason, makes
only Qaza Wajib. There is no Kaffarah for breaking any fast besides
that of Ramadan.
Things That Make Both Qaza &
Kaffarah Wajib
- Eating, drinking or breaking the
fast in any other manner, e.g., smoking etc., without a valid
reason, will make both Qaza and Kaffarah necessary.
- Applying Surma into eye or rubbing
oil on the head and then, thinking that the fast is broken, to eat
and drink intentionally.
- To drink any kind of medicine
intentionally.
(Note: Injection is permitted)
Things That Do Not Break The Fast
- To eat or drink something
unintentionally
- A mosquito, fly or any other object
going down the throat unintentionally.
- Water entering the ears.
- Dust or dirt going down the throat.
- Swallowing one's own saliva.
- Taking an injection.
- Applying of Surma (kohl) into the
eyes.
- Taking a bath to keep cool.
- Rubbing oil onto the body or hair.
- To vomit unintentionally.
- Applying itr or perfume. It is not
permitted to inhale to smoke of Lobaan or Agar Batti whilst fasting.
It is also not permitted to smoke cigarettes or inhale its smoke.
- Brushing the teeth without tooth
paste or powder. e.g., using a Miswaak, etc.
- A dream which makes Ghusl Waajib
(necessary) does not break the Rozah.
People Exempted From Fasting in
RAMADAN
- Sick people when their health is
likely to be badly affected by fasting. They should make up the
loss, a day for a day, when they recover after Ramadan.
- A musafir, (one who is undertaking a
journey of more than 77 kms and does not intend staying more than 14
days at his destination). However, it is better for him to fast in
Ramadan than keep Qaza later, provided the journey is not a tiresome
one.
- If it is feared that hunger or
thirst will lead to death, it is permitted to break one's fast.
- It is Wajib to keep Qaza of a Nafl
fast that was broken before completing it.
Fidya for Fast (Compensation):
- A mosquito, fly or any other object
going down the throat unintentionally
- A very old person who does not have
the strength to fast or a very sickly or diseased person who has no
hope of recovering after Ramadan, should given Fidya for each fast
missed in Ramadan.
- The Fidya for a fast is similar to
that of a missed Fardh or Wajib Salaat, i.e:
i) To give 3 1/2 lbs = approx. 1.6 kg of wheat OR .. 7 lbs = approx.
3.2kg of barley
ii) OR... the equivalent of the above in cash.
If, however an old or sick person gains
strength or recovers after Ramadan, he must keep the missed number of
fasts and whatever was given as Fidya will be a reward for him from
Allah Ta'ala.
No one is allowed to fast for another
(sick or fit) person.
N.B: Children should be encouraged to
fast, but should not be forced to complete the fast up to sunset if
they are unable to bear the hunger or thirst.
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